Posts made by Aliya Fazila Effendi

MGT Intro 2025 -> RESPONSI -> RESPONSI -> Re: RESPONSI

by Aliya Fazila Effendi -
Aliya Fazila Effendi
2511031092
Accounting

1. Organizational change is the adoption of new ideas or behaviors in an organization. It is driven by forces like technology, competition, globalization, customer needs, social values, and workforce changes.

2. The three innovation strategies are:
* Exploration – creating and experimenting with new ideas.
* Cooperation – sharing ideas across departments and with outside partners.
* Entrepreneurship – developing new products, services, or processes inside the company.

3. Creativity produces fresh ideas. Idea incubators give support for new concepts. Horizontal linkages connect departments for knowledge sharing. Open innovation brings in external ideas. Idea champions push projects forward, and new-venture teams turn ideas into real innovations.

4. People and culture must change because even the best strategies or technologies fail if employees’ attitudes and values don’t support them. Change works only when people accept it.

5. Organization Development (OD) is a planned effort to improve effectiveness through human and social change. Large group interventions bring many stakeholders together to discuss, share, and agree on needed changes.

MGT Intro 2025 -> EVALUATION 4th session -> Evaluation -> Re: Evaluation

by Aliya Fazila Effendi -

Aliya Fazila Effendi (2511031092)

Accounting


 1. The emerging borderless world refers to the integration of global markets where national boundaries have minimal impact on business operations due to advanced technology, communication systems, and trade liberalization. Key managerial concerns include exchange rate fluctuations affecting profitability, navigating multiple legal and regulatory systems, managing culturally diverse workforces, supply chain vulnerabilities, and increased cybersecurity risks.


2. Businesses use six main market entry strategies: exporting (selling products directly or through intermediaries), licensing (granting rights to use intellectual property), franchising (providing business models and support), joint ventures (partnering with local firms), acquisitions (purchasing existing foreign companies), and greenfield investments (building new facilities from scratch).


3. International management is the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling business operations across multiple countries and cultures. It differs from domestic management by requiring coordination across diverse legal systems, multiple currencies, different languages, varying cultural contexts, and the need to balance global standardization with local adaptation.


4. Economic dissimilarities like varying development levels, currency stability, and inflation rates affect pricing and market strategies; sociocultural differences in values, languages, and customs influence consumer behavior and employee management; legal-political variations in government stability, regulations, and intellectual property protection impact operational procedures and strategic planning.


5. Regional trading alliances like the EU, NAFTA/USMCA, and ASEAN eliminate trade barriers among member countries, creating larger integrated markets, facilitating supply chain optimization, increasing competition within regions, and providing preferential treatment to member nations while potentially disadvantaging non-members.


6. Multinational corporations have operations in multiple countries with significant foreign revenue, complex organizational structures balancing global coordination and local responsiveness, global resource mobility, cultural adaptation capabilities, integrated supply chains, and sophisticated financial management across different currencies and regulatory environments


7. Cultural intelligence is the capability to function effectively in culturally diverse settings through four components: motivation to engage with other cultures, knowledge of cultural differences, strategic planning for cross-cultural interactions, and behavioral adaptation. It's necessary for international managers to communicate effectively, lead diverse teams, negotiate successfully, and build trust with stakeholders from different cultural backgrounds