Chelsea Olivia Handoko
2511031116
Accounting Department

1. Organizational change is the adoption of new ideas or behaviors within an organization. It is driven by forces such as technology, globalization, competition, customer demands, economic pressures, and workforce expectations.

2. The three innovation strategies are exploration, which encourages creativity and experimentation, cooperation, which focuses on collaboration and open innovation, and entrepreneurship, which relies on idea champions, new-venture teams, and skunkworks.

3. Creativity provides the fresh ideas that start innovation, idea incubators give a safe space to develop them, horizontal linkages connect departments to speed progress, open innovation brings input from external partners, idea champions push ideas through resistance, and new-venture teams allow freedom to develop big innovations.

4. Change in people and culture is critical because without shifting values, attitudes, and behaviors, structural or technological change will fail. People must adapt and the culture must support new ways of working.

5. Organization development (OD) is a planned process using behavioral science to improve organizational effectiveness and adaptability. Large-group interventions are OD methods that involve many people at once to create rapid, system-wide change.

Chelsea Olivia Handoko
Accounting Department
2511031116

1. The world is becoming interconnected with fewer trade barriers and faster communication. Managers face challenges like global competition, cultural diversity, political risks, and technological change..

2. - Exporting: Selling products abroad from home country.
- Licensing/Franchising: Allowing foreign firms to use intellectual property or brand.
- Joint Ventures: Partnering with local companies to share resources.
- Foreign Direct Investment: Owning facilities or subsidiaries abroad.
- Outsourcing: Using foreign firms to perform business functions.

3. International management involves managing across borders with multiple cultures and regulations. Domestic management focuses on one country’s environment.

4. Economic conditions affect costs and markets, sociocultural differences influence communication and behavior, legal-political systems affect rules and risks.

5. alliances (EU, NAFTA) reduce barriers within regions, creating bigger markets and encouraging international business.

6. MNCs operate in multiple countries, coordinate globally, have diverse management, and focus on global efficiency and local responsiveness.

7. Defined as the ability to understand and adapt to cultural differences, essential for effective global leadership and avoiding misunderstandings.