Silahkan setiap peserta mengajukan pertanyaan atau saran atau pendapat atau ulasan atas pertanyaan pertanyaaan teman sejawat
2113022023
permission to ask,
What processes occur inside Earth's core that create its magnetic field?
Permission to answer Diana's question
The Earth's magnetic field is created by complex processes that occur within the Earth's core, which is divided into two main layers: the liquid outer core and the solid inner core. The main process that produces the Earth's magnetic field is called the geodynamic dynamo. Here is a brief explanation of the processes involved:
Heat Convection: The Earth's core generates heat internally through the radioactive decay of heavy isotopes such as uranium, thorium, and potassium. This heat causes a temperature difference between the inner and outer core. This temperature difference creates heat convection, where hot material from the inner core rises upward toward the cooler outer core, and cold material falls back inside.
Convective Movement: Heat convection produces mass movement in the outer core made of molten iron and nickel. This movement is similar to fluid flow in a dynamo, where layers of liquid metal containing electrically conducting materials move.
Dynamo Effect: When material containing an electrically conducting material flows and moves within the hot outer core, this produces an electric current that moves through the conducting material. This electric current is key in the formation of the Earth's magnetic field. When electric currents move through the constantly changing and moving outer core, it produces the Earth's strong magnetic field.
Geometry of the Earth's Core: The spherical shape of the Earth's core with a solid inner layer and a liquid outer layer is also important in amplifying the magnetic field. Non-uniformities in the chemical composition of Earth's core, especially at the boundary between the inner and outer core, also affect the magnetic field.
Long Time Evolutionary Process: The Earth's magnetic field has existed for billions of years and has undergone changes over a long period of geological time. Changes in the composition, temperature and flow of material within the Earth's core can affect the magnetic field over time.
The Earth's magnetic field continually changes and fluctuates with changes in these processes within the Earth's core. This is a very important natural phenomenon because it protects the Earth from harmful radiation from the sun and has a major impact on navigation and technology on Earth.
2113022070
Permission to ask
Why does the earth act like a magnet so that objects are attracted by the magnet?
2113022016
Permission to answer,
Hal ini terjadi karena adanya gaya tarik-menarik antara medan magnet yang dihasilkan oleh benda magnet dan medan magnet bumi. Gaya tarik-menarik ini disebut gaya magnetik. Ketika benda logam yang bisa terpengaruh magnet (seperti besi, nikel, kobalt) berada di dekat magnet kuat, medan magnet di sekitarnya menyebabkan partikel benda tersebut mengalami polarisasi magnetik dan tertarik ke magnet tersebut.
NPM : 2113022006
Permission to answer najwa
In summary, the Earth's magnetic field is generated by the motion of molten iron in its core, and objects are attracted to it because they respond to the magnetic forces created by this field, aligning themselves along its magnetic lines of force. This phenomenon is what makes objects behave as if they are attracted by a magnet when in proximity to the Earth
NPM : 2113022022
Permission to ask Mr and Mrs
Does alpha, beta and gamma radiation have their own dangers for living things?
NPM : 2113022020
Permission to answer Aimatul,
Alpha and beta radiation emitters are nothing to worry about if the source is outside the body, but they can be dangerous if swallowed or inhaled. Gamma radiation emitters can be dangerous, both inside and outside the body because of their high penetrating power.
Name: Khusnul Khotimah
NPM : 2113022016
Permission to ask,
How is radioactivity used in various fields, such as the medical industry and nuclear energy?
NPM: 2113022049
Permission to answer Khusnul question,
Radioactive elements are used in medical equipment to scan the human body for diseases such as CT scans, x-rays, and positron emission tomography (PET). The radioactive substances used have high energy so that they can penetrate the tissues of the human body.
NPM: 2113022025
Question: Regarding the discovery of Wilhelm Conrad Rongent through "X-rays", how are X-rays applied to tools that are often used by humans in the fields of health, education, and etc.?
In medicine:
X-rays are used to create images of bones and other internal structures of the body, which can help diagnose fractures, infections, tumors, and other conditions. X-rays are also used in radiation therapy to treat cancer by destroying cancer cells
In dentistry:
X-rays are used to create images of teeth and gums, which can help diagnose cavities, gum disease, and other dental problems
In industry:
X-rays are used to inspect welds, castings, and other materials for defects and to measure the thickness of materials
In education:
X-rays have various applications in the field of education, including:
1. X-rays are used in physics and chemistry classes to teach about the properties of electromagnetic radiation and its interaction with matter.
2. X-rays are used in geology classes to study the internal structure of rocks and minerals
3. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy is used in archaeology and art history to analyze the composition of artifacts and artworks.
The loss of the Earth's magnetic field allows radiation to penetrate planes, making plane passengers vulnerable to disease. Even today, with the magnetic field intact, pilots and other aviation workers are categorized as "radiation workers" under federal government guidelines, NASA reports
NPM: 2113022034
Permission to answer question from Gusti,
Menurut saya beberapa hal yang terjadi jika bumi kehilangan kemagnetannya adalah sebagai berikut:
1. Radiasi berbahaya, karena tanpa magnetosfer radiasi berbahaya dari luar angkasa akan mencapai permukaan bumi dengan lebih mudah. Dimana dapat meningkatkan risiko kesehatan bagi organisme hidup salah satunya manusia karena paparan radiasi tinggi dapat menyebabkan kanker atau penyakit lainnya.
2. Aurora terbatas, dimana kemagnetan bumi juga berperan dalam pembentukan aurora atau cahaya. Hilangnya medan magnet akan mengurangi kemungkinan aurora terjadi atau membuatnya lebih terbatas geografis.
3. Perubahan pola cuaca, jika bumi kehilangan kemagnetannya maka akan terjadi perubahan pola cuaca global dan memiliki dampak yang luas terhadap sistem cuaca di bumi.
4. Penurunan Perlindungan Terhadap Atmosfer, bisa terjadi dikarenakan atmosfer Kehilangan medan magnet yang dapat mengakibatkan erosi atmosfer lebih cepat oleh angin matahari. Ini bisa mengubah struktur atmosfer dan mengganggu iklim Bumi.
Thank you
2113022047
Bagaimana jika magnet tidak ada di bumi?
Nama : Septina Amelia
Npm : 2113022033
permission to answer Shela's question
The Earth's magnetic field acts as a shield between the Earth and solar particles which are charged and continuously flow towards the Earth. If the shield is lost, then all living creatures on Earth will be exposed to solar and cosmic particle radiation.The loss of the Earth's magnetic field allows radiation to penetrate planes, making plane passengers vulnerable to disease.
Izin menjawab pertanyaan sela
Nama: Wulan Syah Hidayatullah
Npm:2113022055
Hilangnya medan magnet Bumi, membuat radiasi bisa menembus pesawat, menyebabkan penumpang pesawat rentan terhadap penyakit. Bahkan saat ini, dengan medan magnet yang utuh, pilot dan pekerja penerbangan lainnya dikategorikan sebagai "pekerja radiasi" di bawah pedoman pemerintah federal, lapor NASA.
NPM : 2113022073
My question is how does magnetic influence affect life on earth?
NPM: 2113022045
Permission to answer Arya,
The effect is, for example, in the animal's body there is a magnet. Then animals will be able to detect the Earth's magnetic field. The phenomenon is called biomagnetism. The Earth's magnetic field can also help animals determine the direction of migration, find prey, or avoid enemies.
NPM: 2113022049
Permission to ask Mr. and Mrs,
What causes the Earth's magnetic field to change over time?
Npm : 2113022033
permission to answer Rosa question
The Earth's magnetic field changes over time due to the stirring of fluid in the Earth's core which produces a large magnetic field that changes over time as the flow in the Earth's core changes.
1. The Earth's magnetic field is dynamic and changes over time due to shifts in the Earth's magnetic poles
2. Experts say that changes in the direction of the Earth's magnetic field are moving ten times faster than before
3. Weakening of the Earth's magnetic field is also a natural and normal process because the Earth's magnetic field is dynamic and changes over time
4. Rapid changes in the direction of the Earth's magnetic field have an impact on the extreme behavior of the Earth's core fluid
5. The most pronounced impact on living things on earth is increased solar radiation, which can cause disease
2113022026
can earth's magnetism be used as alternative energy? if possible, can you tell me the name of alternative energy source that use magnetic energy sources and how they work!
Magnetic energy sources that can be used as alternative energy generally refer to kinetic energy produced by magnetic movements or electromagnetic principles, such as in electric generators. However, this magnetic energy is not usually used as the main energy source, but rather as a component in the energy conversion process.
One technology that uses the principle of magnetic energy is an electric generator. It is an alternative energy source commonly used to generate electricity in various places, including wind power plants, hydroelectric power plants, and permanent magnet power generators.
The way an electric generator with a magnetic energy source works is as follows:
1. Magnetic Movement: Electric generators use magnetic movement or magnetic fields to produce electric current. When a conductor wire moves across a magnetic field, there will be a change in the magnetic flux in the wire.
2. Electromagnetic Induction: The basic principle that applies here is Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. Changes in magnetic flux in the wire will produce electromotive force (emf) or electric potential which will encourage electric current to flow through the wire.
3. Mechanical to Electric Energy Conversion: The mechanical movement that moves the conductor wire can come from various alternative energy sources such as wind (wind power plants), water (hydro power plants), or other kinetic energy.
4. Electricity Storage or Consumption: The electric current produced by this generator can then be stored in batteries or used to provide electrical power to various devices or electrical networks.
So, an electric generator with a magnetic energy source is an example of technology that utilizes the principle of magnetic energy as a component in producing electrical energy. Although magnetic energy itself is not the main energy source, this principle is very important in generating electricity from various alternative energy sources such as wind and water.
Npm: 2113022033
permission to ask whether the earth's magnetic field can affect aircraft navigation?
Yes, the Earth's magnetic field can affect the navigation of aircraft. Here are some points to consider: The Earth's magnetic field is used as a reference for navigation by aircraft and ships. The magnetic compass is one of the oldest and simplest navigation instruments that uses the Earth's magnetic field to determine direction. However, the Earth's magnetic field is not constant and can vary in strength and direction over time. In areas near the magnetic poles, the Earth's magnetic field can be very weak and can cause errors in navigation instruments that rely on. To compensate for these errors, modern aircraft and ships use a combination of navigation instruments, including GPS, inertial navigation systems, and radio beacons
The Earth's magnetic field is an important reference for navigation, but its variability and weakness in certain areas can affect the accuracy of navigation instruments. Therefore, modern aircraft and ships use a combination of navigation instruments to ensure accurate navigation.
NPM : 2113022020
My question is how do geologists use carbon dating to find the age of rocks?
NPM: 2113022049
Permission to answer Rumaisa question,
Geologists do not use carbon-based radiometric dating to determine the age of rocks. Carbon dating is only applicable to objects that are less than 50,000 years old, and most rocks studied are more than 50,000 years old. Carbon dating is used by archaeologists to date trees, plants, and animal remains; as well as human artifacts made of wood and leather; as these items are generally less than 50,000 years old. Carbon is found in various forms in the environment - mainly in the stable carbon-12 form and the unstable carbon-14 form. Over time, carbon-14 decays radioactively and turns into nitrogen. Living organisms absorb carbon-12 and carbon-14 from the environment in relatively equal proportions to the amount of carbon-12 and carbon-14 naturally present. When the organism dies, it stops replenishing its carbon supply, and the total carbon-14 content in the organism slowly disappears. Scientists can determine how long an organism has been dead by measuring how much carbon-14 is left compared to carbon-12.
Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5730 years, meaning that 5730 years after an organism dies, half of its carbon-14 atoms have decayed into nitrogen atoms. Similarly, 11,460 years after an organism dies, only a quarter of its original carbon-14 atoms remain. Because of the short half-life of carbon-14, carbon dating is only accurate for objects that are thousands to tens of thousands of years old. Most rocks of interest are much older than this. Therefore, geologists must use elements with longer half-lives. For example, the decay of potassium-40 to argon has a half-life of 1.26 billion years and the decay of beryllium-10 to boron has a half-life of 1.52 million years. Geologists measure the abundance of these radioisotopes to determine the age of rocks.
NPM : 2113022077
Permission to ask
What type of rock is used to observe the age of the earth using radioactivity theory? And why does it have to be these rocks?
Izin mencoba menjawab pertanyaan dari anisa faturahmi, sebenarnya ada beberapa teori yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur umur bumi, tidak hanya dari batuan saja umur bumi juga dapat dihitung dengan teori garam, teori termal, dan juga teori radioaktivitas
2113022024
Izin bertanya, mengapa radioaktivitas berbahaya bagi manusia?
2113022016
izin mencoba untuk menjawab,
Radioaktivitas dapat berbahaya bagi manusia karena dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada sel dan jaringan tubuh. Ketika manusia terpapar radiasi, partikel-partikel energi tinggi dapat merusak DNA dalam sel-sel tubuh, yang dapat menyebabkan mutasi genetik atau kematian sel. Ini dapat mengakibatkan berbagai penyakit, seperti kanker, gangguan kesehatan reproduksi, kelainan genetik, dan kerusakan organ. Paparan radiasi yang tinggi juga dapat menyebabkan sindrom radiasi akut, yang bisa mengakibatkan kerusakan organ yang parah dan kematian dalam waktu singkat.
NPM : 2113022020
Izin menjawab Sofi,
Saat bahan radioaktif membusuk atau rusak, energi yang dilepaskan ke lingkungannya memiliki dua cara untuk merusak tubuh yang terpapar. Hal tersebut dapat langsung membunuh sel, atau bisa menyebabkan mutasi pada DNA. Jika mutasi tersebut tidak dapat diperbaiki, maka bisa menjadi kanker.
NPM: 2113022034
Permission to answer question from Sofi,
Radioaktivitas berbahaya bagi manusia karena berpotensi menyebabkan kerusakan pada sel-sel dan jaringan tubuh kita. Hal ini disebabkan oleh emisi partikel radioaktif yang dapat merusak DNA dan meningkatkan risiko terjadinya berbagai masalah kesehatan, termasuk kanker. Ada beberapa hal lagi yang termasuk bahaya radioaktivitas bagi manusia, yaitu risik penyakit mematikan, paparan radiasi internal, penggunaan senjata nuklir, dan efek sindrom radiasi akut.
Thank you
NPM: 2113022049
Permission to ask questions to group 8,
Are there any dangers in applying the theory of radioactivity in determining the age of the earth?
Exposure to high levels of radiation can be harmful to human health and the environment.The accuracy of radiometric dating can be affected by various factors, such as contamination, incomplete decay, and changes in the Earth's magnetic field. The assumptions made in radiometric dating, such as the constancy of decay rates and the absence of initial daughter isotopes, can also affect the accuracy of the results. Despite these potential dangers and limitations, radiometric dating remains a valuable tool for scientists to determine the age of the Earth and other materials.
Nama: Dhea Salsabilla Alsa
NPM: 2113022058
Permission to ask, Is it only the radioactive theory that can measure the age of the earth?
NPM: 2113022034
Permission to answer question from Dhea,
Penentuan umur bumi tidak hanya dari teori radioaktif. Ada juga metode yang digunakan oleh ilmuwan untuk mengestimasi umur bumi, di antara lain adalah:
1. Penanggalan radiometrik
2. Penanggalan Luminesensi Optik
3. Penanggalan Dendrokronologi
4. Model Geokimia
5. Penanggalan Amino Asam
Penanggalan radiometrik merupakan penanggalan paling andal dalam menentukan umur bumi, tapi dibantu dengan metode lain juga memberikan bukti pendukung bahwa bumi berusia sekitar 4,5 miliar tahun.
Thank you
NPM: 2113022045
Izin bertanya,
Apakah mungkin gerak rotasi bumi itu melambat? Jika iya, apa yang akan terjadi di bumi?
2113022023
Permission to answer,
Ya, gerakan rotasi Bumi melambat seiring berjalannya waktu. Proses ini terjadi karena sejumlah faktor, termasuk gaya tarik gravitasi Bulan dan Matahari, distribusi massa dalam Bumi, dan gesekan di dalam inti Bumi. Efek utama dari perlambatan rotasi Bumi adalah pengulangan perubahan pada panjang hari dan perubahan pada kecepatan rotasi Bumi. Beberapa dampak yang mungkin terjadi di Bumi sebagai akibat dari perlambatan rotasi ini meliputi:
1. Perubahan pada panjang hari: Seiring dengan perlambatan rotasi, panjang hari akan bertambah sedikit-sedikit. Ini berarti bahwa dalam jutaan tahun ke depan, hari-hari akan menjadi lebih panjang dari yang kita alami saat ini. Namun, perubahan ini terjadi dalam skala waktu yang sangat lama dan tidak akan berdampak signifikan pada manusia dalam waktu dekat.
2. Perubahan dalam pola iklim: Perlambatan rotasi Bumi dapat memengaruhi pola iklim di beberapa wilayah. Perubahan dalam distribusi panas dan perubahan dalam musim-musim tertentu dapat terjadi sebagai akibat dari perubahan kecepatan rotasi.
3. Perubahan dalam pola cuaca: Perlambatan rotasi Bumi dapat memengaruhi pola cuaca lokal. Ini dapat menyebabkan perubahan dalam cuaca ekstrem seperti badai, banjir, atau kekeringan, karena perubahan dalam aliran udara dan pola angin yang disebabkan oleh perubahan rotasi.
4. Perubahan dalam bentuk Bumi: Lama-kelamaan, perlambatan rotasi Bumi juga akan memengaruhi bentuk fisik Bumi. Namun, perubahan ini sangat lambat dan mungkin memerlukan jutaan tahun untuk menjadi signifikan.
Penting untuk dicatat bahwa perlambatan rotasi Bumi adalah proses alami yang telah berlangsung selama miliaran tahun. Meskipun ada perubahan yang terjadi, dampaknya cenderung terjadi dalam jutaan tahun, sehingga tidak akan memiliki dampak besar pada kehidupan manusia dalam waktu dekat. Selain itu, para ilmuwan secara rutin memantau perubahan dalam rotasi Bumi dan memiliki pemahaman yang baik tentang bagaimana faktor-faktor yang berbeda memengaruhi proses ini.
NPM: 2113022034
Permission to ask,
Apa tujuan dari peluruhan radioaktivitas?
Thank you
2113022023
Permission to answer,
Tujuan dari peluruhan radioaktivitas adalah untuk mencapai kestabilan dalam inti atom yang tidak stabil atau radioaktif. Inti atom radioaktif cenderung menjadi lebih stabil dengan mengubah diri melalui peluruhan radioaktif. Proses ini menghasilkan emisi partikel subatomik atau radiasi elektromagnetik dari inti atom yang kemudian berubah menjadi inti yang lebih stabil.
Peluruhan radioaktif adalah fenomena alam yang tidak dapat diubah atau dikendalikan oleh manusia. Tujuannya adalah untuk mencapai konfigurasi inti atom yang lebih stabil sehingga dapat mengurangi energi yang berlebihan dalam inti atom yang tidak stabil. Inti atom yang tidak stabil ini dapat mengalami berbagai jenis peluruhan, seperti peluruhan alfa, peluruhan beta, peluruhan gamma, dan lainnya.
Peluruhan radioaktif memiliki aplikasi penting dalam berbagai bidang, termasuk dalam pengobatan kanker (terapi radiasi), pembangkitan energi nuklir, dan penanggalan radiometrik dalam ilmu geologi untuk menentukan usia batuan dan fosil. Meskipun memiliki banyak aplikasi berguna, radioaktivitas juga dapat memiliki dampak berbahaya jika tidak dikelola dengan benar, seperti melibatkan limbah radioaktif yang harus ditangani dengan hati-hati.